1.  WHAT MAKES TODAY’S CYBER THREATS MORE SOPHISTICATED AND HARDER TO DETECT COMPARED TO THE PAST?

In recent years, we have witnessed a real evolution in attack techniques, significantly amplified by threat actors’ adoption of generative AI.

Phishing, once easy to spot due to poor language or unconvincing visual layouts, has become highly sophisticated. Generative AI enables the creation of flawlessly written emails in any language, culturally tailored to the recipient and even personalized using previously gathered data.

We are also seeing a dangerous convergence between AI and deepfake technologies, which makes it possible to mimic voices and faces to carry out fraud via phone or video calls. This means a concrete threat to organizations of any size and sector.

It is therefore crucial to enhance staff training and adopt equally intelligent defensive solutions capable of countering a threat that increasingly resembles human behavior.

In this context, traditional solutions are no longer enough. What is needed is widespread awareness and defensive technologies powered by the same artificial intelligence that fuels today’s attacks.

3. WHAT REAL BENEFITS IS AI BRINGING TO CYBERSECURITY, AND WHERE SHOULD WE BE MOST VIGILANT?

The synergy between AI and cybersecurity is now an established reality, delivering substantial operational advantages.

However, as with any high-impact technology, these benefits must go hand in hand with careful risk management. AI significantly improves time to detect and time to respond, offering deeper and broader coverage of the enterprise perimeter, including in cloud and distributed environments. By modeling anomalous behaviors, it enhances organizations’ ability to identify threats at an early stage.

However, the use of unsupervised or poorly trained models can have serious consequences: from false negatives to data bias, or even direct attacks on the models themselves, such as poisoning of training data. That is why AI adoption must be accompanied by a solid governance framework.

This should include verification mechanisms, traceability of algorithmic decisions, continuous performance monitoring, and, above all, consistent human oversight.

AI-enhanced cybersecurity is not about handing over control to technology, but about a strategic collaboration between human intelligence and algorithms, built on shared responsibility, transparency, and control.

5. LET’S TALK ABOUT AI-AUGMENTED ANALYSTS. HOW DOES HACKER ETHICS FIT INTO THIS NEW PROFESSIONAL ROLE, AND WHAT IMPACT DOES IT HAVE ON BUSINESS RESILIENCE?

AI does not replace human intelligence: it amplifies it.

The AI-augmented analyst is a professional equipped with advanced analysis tools, capable of generating insights, correlations, and attack simulations. Yet it remains their responsibility to interpret, decide, and act.

In this context, the ethical hacker plays a key role: thinking like an attacker but with defensive aims. It means using AI to stress-test systems, simulate threats, and identify vulnerabilities where none appear to exist.

This mindset helps companies build not just reactive defense, but a genuine culture of resilience, the ability to anticipate, absorb, and adapt to change. In a world where zero risk does not exist, the combination of AI and human critical thinking becomes the most valuable strategic asset.